Losing teeth is not a normal part of aging. With good daily care and regular check-ups, many people keep their natural teeth for life. A healthy mouth makes it easier to eat a varied, nutritious diet, speak clearly and smile with confidence.
How oral health changes with age
- Gum disease becomes more common. Early signs include red, swollen or bleeding gums. Without treatment, it can lead to tooth loss.
- Root decay. As gums recede, tooth roots are exposed, and roots decay more easily than the rest of the tooth.
- Dry mouth. Hundreds of common medicines can reduce saliva, including some for blood pressure, depression, allergies and bladder control. Saliva protects teeth, so dry mouth raises the risk of cavities.
- Worn or cracked teeth and old fillings may need attention.
- Oral cancer risk rises with age, especially with tobacco and alcohol use.
Daily care
- Brush twice a day with fluoride toothpaste, using a soft-bristled brush. Electric toothbrushes can be easier for people with arthritis.
- Clean between your teeth once a day with floss, a floss holder or small interdental brushes.
- Drink water throughout the day, and limit sugary snacks and drinks between meals.
- Do not smoke or use tobacco.
- Ask your dentist about extra fluoride, such as a prescription toothpaste or varnish, if you are prone to cavities.
Caring for dentures
- Remove and clean dentures every day with a denture brush and cleaner, not regular toothpaste, which can scratch them.
- Take them out at night, unless your dentist advises otherwise, and keep them moist.
- Brush your gums, tongue and any natural teeth.
- See your dentist if dentures feel loose or cause sores. Your mouth changes over time, and dentures may need adjusting.
Regular check-ups
See a dentist regularly, usually once or twice a year, even if you have dentures. A check-up can catch gum disease, decay and oral cancer early, when treatment is simpler and less costly.
Tell your dentist about all your medicines and health conditions. Some conditions and treatments, such as diabetes or certain bone medicines, affect dental care.
Paying for dental care
Original Medicare does not cover routine cleanings, fillings or dentures. Options that can help include:
- Medicare Advantage plans that include some dental benefits.
- Stand-alone dental insurance or discount plans.
- Dental schools, which often offer care at lower prices.
- Community health centers with fees based on income.
- Medicaid, which covers some adult dental care in many states.
Read does Medicare cover dental, vision and hearing care? for more details.
When to see a dentist soon
Make an appointment if you notice bleeding or sore gums, loose teeth, a sore in your mouth that does not heal within two weeks, persistent bad breath, or pain when chewing.
